Transportation:
One of the most visible elements of logistics, transportation involves moving goods from suppliers to manufacturers, wholesalers, retailers, or customers. Different modes of transport include air, sea, rail, and road. Choosing the right transportation mode is crucial to ensure timely and cost-efficient delivery.

Warehousing:
Storage of goods plays a vital role in ensuring that products are available when needed. Warehousing helps in maintaining a consistent flow of goods, allowing businesses to manage stock levels and respond to fluctuating demand.

Inventory Management:
Logistics includes maintaining an optimal level of inventory. Efficient inventory management ensures that businesses don’t overstock or understock items, balancing cost and availability.

Order Fulfillment:
This refers to the complete process of receiving, processing, and delivering orders to end consumers. Effective logistics ensures that customer orders are accurately and efficiently fulfilled.

Supply Chain Coordination:
Logistics is closely intertwined with supply chain management, which encompasses a broader scope of processes including procurement, production, and distribution. Good coordination between these processes is essential for reducing costs and increasing efficiency.

Packaging and Handling:
Proper packaging ensures that goods are protected during transit and handling, while proper labeling and documentation help in the smooth flow of products through various channels.

Customs and Compliance:
In global logistics, managing customs, duties, tariffs, and compliance with international laws is vital to avoid delays and additional costs during cross-border shipping.